Presently, India is the second largest population country of the world. India represents 17% of the total world's population with more than 1150000000 people. Every nook and corner of India is a clean display of increasing population. Whether we are in a metro station, airport, railway station, road, highway, bus stop, shoping mall, market or even a social / religion gathering, we see a swelling crowd of any time of the day.
This is a horrible scenario and a clear indication of over population in the country. Too much population is trapping people in a web of poverty and illiteracy which further escalate the problem for country. Population explosion is the mother of all evils in our country.
Let us look at some of the major causes of population explosion in India.
- The difference between birth rate death rate is one of the reasons. Though, according to 2011 census, birth rate has actually come down but this has been neutralised by fast declining death rates due to better sanitation and health facilities. Coupled with this life expectancy has also increased to 64 years. The medical boon has brought the curse of over population.
- Even though, legally the marriageable age of a girl is 18 years, the concept of early marriage still prevails at many places. Getting married at an young age prolongs the child bearing age as well as illiteracy also helps in increasing the population.
- Poverty is another factor for the rapid growth of population. Poor families have this notion that the morre the number of members in the family, the more will be the numbers of persons to earn income. Thus, it increases the population.
- Illiteracy is another cause of over population Educated persons are more aware of the family planning concepts and understand the impact of over population on the society. On the other hand, illiterate prople are either unaware about the birth control methods or arre unwilling to discuss about it. Uneducated people are not aware of adverse effects of too many people in a family.
- and many other causes of increasing population in India.
Even after 68 years of independence, the scenario of India is not good, due to over population. It has become a threat for the development in India. The growth of population has a dirrect effect on the living standards of people.
some major impacts of high population are as follows
- The rapidly growing population in India has led to the problem of shortage of food supply. Inspite of the fact that more than 60% of its population engaged in agriculture, people do not get even minimum necessary amount of food.
- Over population inevitably leads to heavy pressure on land. Since land is limitd and fixed in supply, an increase in population can only bring more pressure on it.
- Generating employment for a huge population in a country like India is very difficult. The number of illiterate persons is increasing every year.
- Unmanageable population size may contrivute to political instability and unrrest. The failure of the government to provide the basic minimum facilities to the people contributes to agitation and unrest among the masses.
- Economic development is bound to be slower in a country in which the population is growing at a very fast rate. Absence of savings results in low capital formation.
- When there is raqpid growth of population, the government is required to provide dthe minimum facilities for the people for their comfortable living. hence, it has to increase housing, educational, public health, communication and other facilities. Hence it will increase the cost of the social overheads.
The government cannot ignore the problem of population explosion for entire development of the country depends on how effectively it is stemmed.
India's strength in the global world in various fields cannot be ignored, whether in science and technology, medicime and health care, business and industry, military, communication, entertainment, literature and many more. If increasing public awareness and enlisting strict population control norms by the government will definitely lead the way for the country's economic prosperity and control of population.
