Climate change means change in climate due to natural (increase in CO2. methane) and anthropogenic activities (global warming due to GHG gases).
Challenges –
1. Biggest challenge is rise in sea levels – not only small island nations but all the countries with coastal boundaries will also face the wrath of rising sea and its effects will be felt globally.
2. Global warming – continuous increase in GHG (greenhouse gas) like CO2, methane, nitrous oxide etc. which is leading to increase in earth’s temperature, rise in sea level, acid rain, ocean acidification.
3. Threat to survival of organisms – global warming and its effects had caused the extinction of keystone species which are very important for food chain and food web.
4. Ocean acidification – continue rise in CO2 is contributing to ocean acidification. This will affect the living, breeding, reproduction pattern and even survival of marine organisms.
5. Acid rain – corrosion of monuments like the Taj Mahal, effect on plants and animals, after reaction with rocks, different types of stones, plants, animals the water will move to water bodies leading to water pollution.
Responsibilities –
1. Those countries which have harmed the nature during their industrialization need to increase their pledges as the pledges contributed in paris agreement is just one third to keep the global temperature below 2 degree Celsius of pre-industrial level.
2. There is need to move from short term solutions like carbon sequestration to long term solutions which can really slowdown the climate change.
3. More research and development, transfer of technologies to developing countries and more donation to funds like green climate fund.
4. Sustainable development – development without harming nature, organic farming.
CONCLUSION:Climatae change had taken place earlier as well but it was not that intense which we are facing today. if we don’t act sooner more organisms will become extinct and one-day human being also. So not only small island but everyone should contribute as it is problem which will affect whole earth.
