The difference between the two is just like the terms sound. Strong AI can successfully imitate human intelligence and is at the core of advanced robotics.
Weak AI can only predict specific characteristics that resemble human intelligence. Alexa and Siri are excellent examples of weak AI.
Strong AI
Can be applied widely
Extensive scope
Human-level intelligence
Processes data by using clustering and association
Weak AI
Can be great at performing some simple tasks
Uses both supervised and unsupervised learning
The scope can be minimal