TCP

TCP/IP:

Transmission control protocol /Internet protocol. 

TCP: TCP/IP model is also called the DoD model because TCP/IP was developed in connection with the ARPANET project of the U.S. Department of Defense.

  • The Internet protocol suite is the conceptual model and set of communications protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks.
  • It is commonly known as TCP/IPbecause the foundational protocols in the suite are (TCP) and the  (IP).
  • During its development, versions of it were known as the Department of defense (DoD) model 
  • The Internet protocol suite provides end-to-end data communicationTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

TCP abrivation:

TCP/IP stands for Transmission control protocol /Internet protocol.

TCP uses:

  • TCP is used extensively by many internet applications,
  • including the World Wide Web (WWW), email, File Transfer Protocol, Secure Shell, peer-to-peer file sharing, and streaming media.

TCP /IP work:

  • The architecture of the TCP/IP protocol suite has four layers that map loosely to the seven-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model. 
  • TCP/IP is an protocol suite for wide area networks (WANs)
  • Was developed in the 1970s and 1980s by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD).
  • TCP/IP is a routable protocol that is suitable for connecting dissimilar systems (such as Microsoft Windows and UNIX) in heterogeneous networks, 
  • it is the protocol of the worldwide network known as the Internet.
  • Microsoft’s implementation of TCP/IP supports industry standards, 
  • TCP/IP is implemented for all Windows operating systems.

The TCP/IP model is a more concise framework, with 4 layers:

1.Network Access (or Link)

2.Internet

3.Transport (or Host-to-Host)

4.Application (or Process)..

7 layers of TCP /IP:

1.Physical (e.g. cable, RJ45)

2.Data Link (e.g. MAC, switches)

3.Network (e.g. IP, routers)

4.Transport (e.g. TCP, UDP, port numbers)

5.Session (e.g. Syn/Ack)

6.Presentation (e.g. encryption, ASCII, PNG, MIDI)

7.Application (e.g. SNMP, HTTP, FTP)

Disadvantages of TCP /IP:

  • One of the main disadvantages of TCP/IP is that it isn’t built for LANs.
  • Most administrators use TCP/IP on a LAN but it was originally designed for WAN connections.
  • As such, using TCP/IP within a LAN can lead to inefficiency and bottlenecks.
  • This is particularly true of small networks with limited bandwidth availability.
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