Shivaji (1627-1680) Part -2

  • Raja Jai Singh of Amber was then appointed by Aurangzeb to put down Shivaji (1665) and Jai Singh succeeded in ftsieging Shivaji in the fort of Purandhar. Consequently, the Treaty of Paurandhar (1665) was signed according to which shivaji succeeded some fort to the Mughals court at Agra. Shivaji also agreed to help Mughals in their attack on Bijapur.
  • Shivaji visited Agra with his son Shambhaji in 1666. He put on house arrest but escaped from there. He very soon, conquered the forts which he had surrendered to Mughals. He defeated Mughals forces in the battle of Salher in 1672.
  • He was crowned in 1674 at Raigarh and assumed the title of Haindava Dharmodharak (protection of Hindunism) and Chhatrapati. He became the sovereign ruler of Maharastra. He died in 1680.
  • Shivaji decided his territory under his rule into 3 province (prants) each under a Viceroy. Province were divided into prants, which were subdivided into paraganas or Taraf's. The lowest unit was village, headed by a headman or Patel.
  • Shivaji was helped by Ashtapradhan (eight ministers), which was unlike a counsil of Ministers, for there was no collective responsibility. Each minister was directly responsible to Shivaji.
  • His administrative reform were guided by Malik Amber of Ahmad Nagar.
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