Bryophyta :-
Bryophytes have differentiated plant body like stem, leaf structures. But they lack a vascular system for the transportation of substances across the plant body. Bryophytes are found in both land and aquatic habitats, hence are known as amphibians of the plant kingdom. Mosses and Marchantia belong to this subgroup.
Pteridophyta :-
Pteridophytes have well-differentiated structures such as stem, root, leaves as well as a vascular system. Ferns, horsetails, Marsilea are some common examples of Pteridophytes.
Gymnosperms :-
Gymnosperms are plants that have well-differentiated plant body, vascular system and they bear seeds. The term is derived from Greek words,
Gymno: naked
Sperma: seed
The seeds of gymnosperms are naked which means they are not enclosed within a fruit. The perennial, evergreen woody trees belong to this group.
For examples :- Pines, deodar, redwood, etc.
Angiosperms :-
Angiosperms are also seed-bearing plants with well-differentiated plant body. The word is derived from Greek words:
angio: covered
sperma: seed.
Unlike gymnosperms, seeds of angiosperms are enclosed inside the fruits. Angiosperms are commonly known as flowering plants. Examples include the Mango tree, pomegranate plant, etc. Seeds germinate from embryonic leaves called cotyledons.
