The Ganga Plains (Total area 357,000 sq km) :- The Ganga Plains lies between the Yamuna catchment in the west to the Bangladesh border in the East. The Ganga Plains can be sub divided into following sub regions :-
(i) The Upper Ganga Plains :- The Ganga Plains include the Ganga Yamuna Doab, Rohulkhand division and parts of the Agra division. The catchment area of the Yamuna river makes its western boundary, Shiwaliks in the North and 125 m contour in the South.
(ii) The Middle Ganga Plain :- Sprawling over an area of about 144,400 sq km, the middle Ganga Plains include central and Uttar Pardesh, and the Bihar Plains up to Muzaffarour and the Patna. Gandak and kosi are the main left hand tributeries, while the son is an important right hand tributeries of the Ganga in the middle Ganga Plains.
(iii) The Lower Ganga Plains (Area 80,970 sq km) :- The lower Ganga Plains extends from Patna in the west, the foot of Darjeeling Himalayas in the North of the Bay of Bengal in the South. In the lower part of the lower Ganga Plains is Sundarbans Delta.
Sundarbans :- The largest mangrove swamp in the world, the Sundarbans, or the beautiful forest, gets it's name from the Sundari tree which grows well in Marshland. It iis home to the Royal Tiger and crocodiles.
4. The Brahmaputra Plains :- Streaching over an area of about 56,275 sq km, it is the Eastern part of the Great Plains of India. It is about 720 km long and about 80 km wide. The region is surrounded by high mountain on all sides, except on the west. It is a depostational Plain. The largest river Island Majuli is formed by the Brahmaputra.
The Coastal Plains :-
- The Penisular Plateau of India is flanked by narrow Coastal Plains of varied from North to South, known as the West coastal Plains and the East Coastal Plains.
(i) The Gujarat Coastal Plains :- The Gujarat Plains covers almost the entire state of Gujarat, except the district of Banaskantha and Sabarkantha. It is formed by the alluival deposites of Sabarmati, Mahi, Luni, and Numerous tiny parallel consquent streams.
(ii) The West Coastal Plain :- It is lies between the Sahyadris and the Arbian Sea. The western Coastal Plain is characterized mainly by Sandy beaches, Coastal Sand- dunes, mud - flats, lagoons, alluival tract along rivers, estuary, laterite, platforms and residual hills. Can divided into :
(a) Konkan Coast : The Northern part of the west coastal Plains, know as the Konkan Plains.
(b) Karnataka Coast :- Southward is the Karnataka Coastal Plain.
(c) Malabar Coast :- The Southern part is known as the Malabar Coast.
The Eastern Coastal Plains
- The Eastern Coastal Plain lies between the Eastern ghats and the Bay of Bengal, and strecthes along the Coastal of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu can be devided into (I) Uttal Coast (ii) Andhra Coast (iii) Coromandal Coast.
The Coastal Plain :- The Eastern Coastal Plains lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal, and the stretches along the Coast of Odhisa, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
The Indian Islands: India has a total of 615 islands, of which 572 lies in the Bay of Bengal, and the remaining 43 in the Arbian Sea. Out of the 572 Island of Andaman and Nicobar, only are inhabit. The Bay of Bengal Islands include the Andaman and Nicobar Islands which are largly tectonic and Volcanic in origin, while the Island of the Arbian Sea are mainly coral formation.
Island of the Bay of Bengal :- The main Island of the Bay of Bengal are the Andaman and Nicobar groups, the Andaman and Nicobar groups. TThe Andaman and Nicobar Islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel. The Barren Island in the Andamans has an active volcano Island (Barren and Nicobar) situated within 80 km east of the Andaman Islands.
The Arabians Sea Islands :- There are 43 Islands in the Arbian Sea, out of which only 11 are inhabited. Lakshadweep Island are separated from the Maldweep Island by the Eight Degree Channel.
