World Geography 6

(i) Brazil :- 

• It is the 5th largest country in the world in terms of polulation and also in terms of area. It is about 2.5 times the size of India.
• Brasila is its capital while Rio - de - Janeiro is the largest city.
• Brazil is also known as the 'Coeffee Pot of the world', because it is the largest producer of coffee, Santos in Brazil is commonly called the 'Coeffe Port  of the world.
• Brazil has the world largest reserves of iron in Serra dos Carajas hills.
• Most minerals rich state of Brazil is Mina's Gerais.
• Brazil is the only Country through which both Equator and one of the tropics (Tropic of Capricorn ) passes.
• Brazil is the Homeland of Rubber.

​(ii) Argentina :- 

• It is the second largest country of South America.
• Buenos Aires is it's capital.
• Christianity and Judaism are the major religions while Spanish is the major language.

​Antarctica :- 

• Antarctica is Earth's southermos continent, containing the geographic South Pole.
• It is the fifth largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and south America. 
• For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages at least 1.6 km in thickness.
• Antarctica is the coldest, driest and windiest continent and has the highest average elevations of all the continent.
• Antarctica is considered a desert, while annual precipitation of only 200 mm ( 8 inches) along the coast and far less inland.
• The temperature in Antarctica had reached -89 °c (-129 °F).
• Antarctica is dovidiv in two by the trans Antarctic MiunMoun close to the North between the Ross Sea and the Weddell Sea.
• The portion west of the Weddell sea and the East of the Ross Sea is called West Antarctica and the remainder East Antarctica, because they roughly corrospond to the Western and Eastern HemosHemisp relatives to the Greenwich meridian. 
• Vinos Massif, the highest peak in Antarctica at 4,892 m is located in the Ellsworth Mountains.
• Antarctica contains many other Mountains both on the main continent and the surrounding islands. Located on Ross Island, Mount Erebus is the World southermos active volcano.
• India constructed Dakshin Gangotri Antarctic research base in 1983 suspresed by the Maitri base from 1990. India's third research station  named Bharathi, is currently being estamblished.
• Only cold adapted organism survive there, including many tyoes of algae, animals for example (mites, mematpdes penguins, seals and tardigrades) bacteria, fungi, plants, and protista vegetation where is occurs is tundra type.